You’ve all heard about Bitcoin. No one knows who created it, although some writers have made very educated guesses about the identity of the pseudonymous creator. I have sometimes wondered whether Bitcoin is the product of some transnational criminal organization or rogue state that wants to undermine developed economies by casting their payment systems into doubt. I am less concerned with Bitcoin’s origin than with its flaws. I shall enumerate those flaws forthwith.
Bitcoin enables fraud and other criminal activities. This is absolutely the single most salient feature of Bitcoin’s anonymity. Conventional currencies are indeed subject to laundering and counterfeit. There is probably no way to eliminate those risks completely. Bitcoin magnifies those risks because it can only be exchanged anonymously. It dominates dark networks that have been known to traffic in narcotics. Law enforcement efforts to shut those networks down will terminate the ability of any financial actor to transact in Bitcoins even for legitimate reasons. When the network is down, your Bitcoins are gone. Conventional currency doesn’t work that way in real transactions. Banks and brokerages have offsite business continuity backups. Securities exchanges and central banks maintain counterparty records. These mechanisms lack Bitcoin’s anonymity but make up for that in resiliency and trustworthiness.